Grinding machine



March 18, 1930. R, N. HELD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet l March 18, 1930. f R N. HEALD ET Al. 1,751,202

@BINDING MACHINE v Filed Jan. 24, 1925 l1 Sheets-Sheet 2 mmm w32 e N "9% Mig@ March 18, i930, R. N. HEALD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24. 1925 l1 Sheets-Sheet 5 will mit. WWW

In vn'orns: 5309971755 JL'eaZd WZdo J.' GUL'ZcZ HZfrec-Z .P Burns 69eme .ET @arno March i8, 1930., R. N. HEALD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24. 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 March i8, 1930. R. N. HEALD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24. 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 March 18, 1930. R. N. HEALD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 A alzar-n e @im XM/ R. N. HEALD ET u. 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE March 18, 1930.

Filed Jan'. 24, 1925 11 sheets-sheet v March 18, 1930. IR. N. HEALD ET AL 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 695239@ E.' Garn@ arch l, 1930. R. N. HEALD ET AL 3,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 1,1 Sheets-Sheet 9 Tnt/anfora Max'ch 18, 3939. R. N. HEALD ET AL. 1,751,202

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet lO Ef) S1 6) x1 CO 0k March i8; 1930. R. N. HEALD ET AL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1925 ll Sheets-Sheet ll NSN Patented Mar. l 18, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROGER N. HEALD, WALDO J'. GUILD, ALFRED P. BURNS, `AND GEORGE GARNO, 0F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE HEALD MACHINE COMPANY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS GRINDIVNG MACHINE Application mea 'Januaryea' 1925. serial No. 4,466.

cles, ground and finished uniformly to within the closest limits of the desired and predetermined diameters.' More specifically, the

' invention provides a machine which entirely eliminates the necessity for any interruptionof t-he grinding by the operator, which interruptions have heretofore been frequent, for the operator to plug or gauge the work as it approaches finished size. In the machine of the present invention, a gauging or calipering device is maintained inoperative re- I lation to the surface being ground, and automatic means are made responsive to said device in order to secure, without attention by the operator, the variousfunctions of the machine. Said automatic means, in the grinding of each piece of work, procures initially the dressing or truing of the grinding wheel, and subsequently, the cessation of the grinding operation on said piece of work, when the latter comes to the exact predetermined size. lith any given setting of said automatic means, any number of similar work pieces, all ground accurately and uniformly to the same predetermined size, can be produced by themachine,-and this Without regard to wear on the grinding wheel or v ariation in the amount of stock required to be removed from dierent pieces. According to the invention, the grinding wheel, at a predetermined point in relation to the finished size of each workpiece, is automatically dressed and trued, so that the final and finishing cuts which bring the work to the desired size are always taken with a fresh cutting-surface that is straight and true and which produces'A a smooth truly cylindrical hole.

will appear from the' following detailed de- Other and further objects of the invention` scription, taken in connection Awith the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a grinding machine embodying the invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are, respectivel a front elevation and a plan view, showlng the wheel dressing operation.

Figs. 4 and 5 are, respectively, a front ele' vation and a plan View, showing the positions automatically assumed by the vparts at the finished of each grinding operation. f.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view, onaii enlarged scale, of the work gauging device and its associated parts. r

Fig. 7 is a side view of the parts shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a detached rear View of the mechaof table dogs or stops and adjacent associated l parts of the machine.

Figs. 12. 13 and 14 are enlarged views, partly in section and partly in end elevation, of the mechanism shown in Fig. 11, the sections being taken on the lines 12-12, 1 3- 13 and 141-14, respectively, of Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional view on the i line 15--15 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 16 is'an enlarged elevational view from the front of the machine of mechanism associated with the operation ofthe diamond or dresser for the grinding wheel.

Fig. 17 is a View, partly in section and partly in elevation, of the mechanism shown in Fig. 16, the sect-ion being taken onv the' line 17-117 of Fig. 16. v

Fig.18 is an enlarged isometric View of `certainof the mechanisms shown in Figs. 16. and 17. Y

Fig. 19 is an enlarged isometric view from the rear of the machine of certain of the mechanisms shown in Figs. 16 and 17. y

Fig. 20 is a wiringdiagram.l v

F'g. 21 is also a wiring' diagram showing a.

slightly modified arrangement of parts from` that shown in Fig. 20.

, Like Ireference characters refer to like parts in the different figures.

Referring to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, the machine provides the usual reciprocatory table or carriage '1, which is ordinarily provided in any internal grinding machine. In such a machine, either the grinding wheel or the work to be ground may be carried on the table 1, the reciprocations of the latter being utilized in either case to produce a relative traversing movement between the grinding wheel and the work. As here shown, the table 1 supports and carries a wheel head 2 of the usual construction,-while the work which is to be operated upon is held in a work head 3, the latter being carried by a bridge 4 which spans the slideways provided by the machine frame for the back and forth movement of the table 1.

Said back and forth movement of the table 1, to cause the rotating grinding wheel to make the required interior traverse of the rotating work piece 6, may be imparted in any well known manner, as for instance, by the use of the fluid pressure controlling and reversing mechanism which forms the subject matter of the copending application of Heald and Guild, Serial No. 629,882, filed April 4, 1923, now Patent No. 1,582,468 granted April 27, 1926. Such mechanism, or its equivalent, forms no part of the present invention and a detailed description thereof is therefore unnecessary; it is sufiicient to note,

for the purposes of the present application,

that the driving means employed for the reciprocation Vof the table 1, be it hydraulic drive, or gear drive, orany other type, prolcures the reversal of said table at each end of the latters normal working stroke by the use of spaced adjustable dogs 7 and 8, carried by the table and adapted to alternately engage and move an interposed member v9, whose position controls the direction of table travel. v

In the machine herein' illustrated, the grinding wheel 5 is rotated at high speed in any suitable manner, for instance by a belt drive, Figs. 3 and 5, for the wheel spindle 10,

the said wheel spindle having a pulley 10a which is connected by a belt, not shown, to a larger pulley 10b that is drivenin any suitable manner. The Work piece-6 is also rotated, but at a slower speed, this rotation being imparted in any suitable manner, as by a belt drive, not shown, from a countershaft. The machine also embodiesthe usual instrumentalities for both manual and automatic cross feed between work and wheel, here shown as embodied in a screw shaft 11 for feeding the y wheel head 2 transversely of the table 1'. Said screw shaft 11 may be operated, if desired, by the usual hand wheel 11a.' The automatic operation of said screw shaft 11 is effected in the usual manner, at each reciprocation of the table 1, by a fixed dog or stop 12 which is engaged by a roller 13 on the end of a pivoted arm 14; the movements of said arm are transmitted through suitable pawl land ratchet mechanism, not shown, to the screw shaft 11, thereby to obtain the automatic cross feed of the grinding wheel 5 at each reciprocation of the table. l

All of the above described mechanism is old and well known in the art, and of itself forms no part of the present invention. The latter involves the attainment in such or similar mechanism, of the novel and useful objects and results hereinbefore set forth, which, in the present instance, are initiated by and primarily under thecontrol of the mechanism shown in Figs. 6 and 7 hereof. Said mechanism provides a member 15, having at one end a work calipering point 16 adapted, during the operation of grinding a work piece, to bear against the internal surface which is being ground, and to maintain itsI contact with said surface as the hole in the work piece is gradually enlarged by the grinding action `of the wheel. The member 15 is to all intents and purposes a lever, said member, for the movement required of it to maintain the point 16 in constant contact with the interior, of the gradually enlarging hole in the work piece, being supported by a pair of flexible U-shaped flat springs 17 and 18, which springs cross each other, as shown in Fig. 6, and are attached to two adjacent sides of a rectangular block portion 19 of member 15. At their other ends the crossed springs 17 and 18 are attached to two inner surfaces 20.and 21 of a box 22, these surfaces 2O and 21 being at right angles to each other, and the box 22 providing an opening 23 of sufficient size to permit the inward extension a, of member 15, to move freely about the pivotal axis which is afforded by the intersection of the planes of the U-shaped springs 17 and 18. This pivotal movement is accomplished by the flexing of these two springs, and takes place in the entire absence of lost motion since there is no bearing or pivot pin. Consequently, any movement of the extension 15a.

of member 15 within the box 22, is invariably in exact accordance with the movement of calipering point 16 in maintaining contact with the surface of the gradually enlarging hole in the work piece.

Such motion of the member 15y is adapted to be transmitted to an indicator lever 24, pivoted at 25 within the box 22, with its free end adapted to move across the graduations of a suitable scale, 26. Lost motion may be eliminated at bearing 25 by a spring 25a. The connection between extension 15a and indicator lever 24 is made by a spring 27, which draws the parts together and maintains the lever 24 in contact with the end of a screw 28, said screw being adjustably threaded in extension 15 and passing at its head end through a suitably enlarged slot or hole 29 in y box 22, so as to permit adjustment from` the exterior of said box. By turning the screw 28, the indicator lever 24 can be made to asysume any desired position relativev to the member 15, and said screw 28 is maintained in any given setting, and displacement thereof prevented by any suitable friction device,

such as a spring 30. With the arrangement above described, a very slight movement of the calipering point 16 is multiplied many times in being transmitted to the indicator lever 24, as will be readily understood.

In the operation of the mechanism, the calipering point 16 maintains contact with the Work, the movement of member 15 for this purpose being obtained by the pressure of a spring 31, and such movement, greatly multiplied, being transmitted through the above described 'connections to the indicator lever 24. The multiplied movement of the latter is made use of, at 'predetermined points, in the grinding of each work piece, to set in operation successively, first, the Wheel dressing instrumentalities, and second, the instrulmentalities for bringing about cessation of 34 come first into contact, andsubsequently ythe points 33 and 35 come into contact; in

order to vpermit this succession of contacts, the point 32 which engages first, is carried by the free end of a fiat spring 36 attached to lever 24, so that, by the yielding of this spring, the subsequent movement of said lever, to bring'the point 33 into contact with point 35, can take place. Before describing the electrical circuits which contain the contact points 32, 34 and 33, 35, respectively, (Figs. 20 and 21) the further construction and operation of thework calipermg mechanism will be set forth.

l The box 22 which carries the member 15 and indicator lever-24 as above described, is adjustable longitudinally on a supporting bracket 37, such adjustment being eected byaJ screw 38, turned by a hand wheel 38a, said screw passing throughv a threaded lug 39 of bracket 37; after the box 22 has been adjusted as above described, it is firmly fastened in position by tightening the bolts 40, 40, which are threaded into the bottom of the box and pass through elongated slots 41, 41

'of bracket, 37,`see Figs. 7 9 and 1 0. Said bracket 37, which carries box 22, is rigidly attached to the upper end of aspindle 42,

the construction being preferably as showni in Fig. 10, where the bracket 37 seats on a shoulder 43 of said spindle, or on an interposed washer 44, and is held firmly in position by a nut 45. Below the shoulder 43, the spindle 42 has a frusto-conical portion 46, the latter being received in a similarly shaped bearing recess 47 provided by an elongatedl spindle bearing sleeve 48, preferably formed integrally with a casting or bracket 49. The latter, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, is secured to the machine base by bolts 50, which pass through slots 5l of said casting or bracket, to permit longitudinal adjustment of the same. At its lower end the sleeve 48 provides a ball bearing 52 for the lower end of spindle 42, the outer race of said ball bearing being pressed downwardly by a spring 53 and the inner race being attached to the spindle 42 by a nut 54. See Fig. 7. A. cap 55 prevents the entrance of dirt and abrasive to the interior of said sleeve.

The above described construction provides an extremely effective mounting for the box 22, to permit it to swing into inoperative position, as shown in Fig. 5, so as to withdraw the calipering point 16 from the completed work piece, prior to the latters removal from the machine. This swinging movement, on account 'of the extended bearing surfaces 46 and 47, takes place in the absence of play or 'lost motion and is effected in the following manner A split collar 56 surrounds that portion of the bracket 37 which is secured to the spindle 42, said `collar being drawn into tight engagement 4with said bracket by a bolt 57. Extending from said collar is an arm 58 carrying a roller 59 which, in the normal Work engaging position of the calipering point 16, lies in the path of, but spaced at some distance from, a cam bar 60 attached to the table 1. In this normal work engagrounding the sleeve 48 and attached thereto,

exerts its force against arm 58 to rotate the latter counterclockwise. Said arm is firmly attached to the bracket 37 by collar 56 and bolt 57, and thus the force of spring 61, exerted on said arm, maintains the calipering and indicating mechanism as a unit in the position shown in Figs.: 3, 6 and 8, where a lug 62 on arm 58 brings up against a fixed stop 63 formed on a bracket 63, which is attached to the casting 49. At the end of each grinding operation, when the table 1, as hereinafter described', is` automatically given an extended lmovement to the right, as shown in Fig. 5, the cam bar 60, carried by said table, strikes roller 59 and rocks the arm 58 in a clockwise direction, against the force of spring 61, thereby swinging the ent-ire calipering and indicating mechanism, as a unit, from the position shown in Fig. 3 into the inoperative position shown in Fi 5, thus allowing the finished work piece to e Withdrawn and a new work piece to be inserted in the chuck of the Work head 3.

Should the operator, for any reason, desire to shift this mechanism manually into the inoperative positionshown in Fig. 5, it is only necessary to loosen up on the bolt 57, thereby freeing the bracket 37 from the arm 58 and spring 61 and allowing said bracket with the attached box 22 to be swung freely out of the way. In restoring the parts to position for a resumption of the above described automatic operation, vthe operator swings the box and bracket u ntil a surface 64 on the bracket engages with alug 65 on arm 58; thereupon, the bolt 57 is again tightened to unite said arm and bracket.

1n connection with the above 'described swinging movement of the calipering and indicating mechanism, t-he work calipering point 16 is automatically disposed in a position which prevents it from forcibly engaging the work piece in the act of entering the same, and which makes it incumbent 'i upon the operator to release the member 15,

carrying said point, at the commencement of each grinding operation by movement of a hand lever 66, as will now be described.

A A rod 67 having a head 68 provides bearing portions 69 and 70 for sliding movement in bearing holes provided by opposite sides of the box 22. Between the bearing portions 69 and 70, the rod has a reduced neck 71, forming a shoulder 72 for rcooperation with a downward projection 73, Fig. 7, ofthe extension 15a. A. spring 74 encircling the rod 67 and thrusting outwardly against the head .68 thereof, draws the shoulder 72 against projecting 73, and, in the inoperative position of the calipering and indicating mechanism shown in Fig. 5, this action of spring 74, being stronger than the action of spring i 31, rocks the member 15 in a lclockwise direction, thus to hold the calipering point 16 in, an `inoperative position. However, when the mechanism is swung from the position of Fig. 5 to the position of Fig. 3, the head 68 of rod 67,-strikes a hardened steel stop plate 75 which is secured to the stationary stop member 63 and this action forces the rod 67 inwardly of the box 22 and relieves the member 15 of the influence of spring 74.

This action, of itself however, does not release the calipering point 16 for engagement with the surface of the work piece. An additional safeguardis provided by a shaft 76 which is pivotally mounted transversely of box 22. in suitable bearings provided by the opposite sides of said box, and which shaft When the rod 67, under the influence of spring 74, thrusts outwardly, and thereby rocks the member 15 in a clockwise direction,

the pin 77 moves up in front of shoulder 78, due to the clockwise rotation of shaft 76 which is brought about by the overhang of hand lever 66. Thus said pin 77 serves to lock the member 15 in a position where the calipering point 16 will be inoperative. When subsequently the head of rod 67 engages the stop plate 7 5 as the calipering point movesV into the work, and relieves the member 15 from the influence of spring 74, said member 15 still remains locked by pirr 77 ininoperative position, and is not released from said position until the operator rocks the hand lever 66 upwardly; thereupon, under theinluence of spring 31, the calipering point 16 will move into contact with/the internal surface of the work piece and the operative connection between 'the extension 15a and the indicator lever 24 will be established. With the next swinging movement of the parts into the inoperative position lshown in Fig. 5., the spring 74 moves the member 15 in a clockwise direction and the unbalanced weight of handle 66 automatically locks said `member in said position. The shaft 76 is adjustable transversely of the box 22 in order to accommodate the position of the locking pin 77 to various settings of member 15 for different sizes of work; this is accomplished by an adju'sting nut 79 on bearing sleeve 7 9aL of said shaft, said nut 79 being held in any desired setting of check nut 79h.

In the use of the mechanism as thus far described for the quantity production of identical work pieces all ground to the exact same internal size, a sample piece or pattern is first made and accurately gauged by hand, with the use of the ordinary sizing plugs or gauges. With this sample piece at the exact required size, and still rotating in the machine, after withdrawal of the grinding wheelv from engagement therewith, the box 22 carrying the calipering and indicating mechanism isswung into operative position, and the point 16 caused to make conta-ct with the iin- -ished ground surface of the` sample. Then with this contact maintained, the position of the box is adjusted so that the end of the lever 24 registers with the zero marking on scale 26' and so that the point 33 on lever 24 will just' make contact with 'the point. 35, the latter being adjustable in and out, for

this purpose. l"Under these conditions the point 32, which is carried by the spring 36, on lever'24, will also be in contact with thc point` 34;that is to say, the pro-portions of the parts are such that this last mentioned contact will have been made first', and will always be made first in the swinging of lever 24,-the spring 36 yielding suiiciently to al- 35 to be made.' These settings of the caliperling and indicating mechanism and of the electrical contact' points will be maintained throughout the subsequent run of the machine f or they production of work pieces exactly like the sample or pattern,-and now will be vdescribed the mechanism by which, with each new workpiece introduced into the machine,

the successive contacts of point 32 with point4 34, and the point 33 with point 35, procure, first, the dressing of the grinding wheel just i prior to its final or finishing cuts, and second,

the complete withdrawal of said wheel and p cessation of the grinding operation, after said iinal or inishing cuts have brought the workpiece to the exact desired size.

When the points 32 and 34 make contact, an electrical circuit is formed which, by the mechanism now tobe described, causes the tabl-e 1 to have an ampliiied stroke to thel right, in order to withdraw the grinding wheel 5 from the work, and, simultaneously, to cause a wheel dressing member or diamond to move intothe amplified path of said grinding wheel, thereby to true the periphery of the latter as it passes'by the point of sa1d diamond. As shown in the wlring diagram of Fig. 20, electrical current may be supplied by a direct current generator 80, driven continuously, by any suitable means, not shown,

from the same source of power that is usedl for the rotatiorp of the grinding wheel or of the work head spindle. One terminal of this generator is grounded as shown at 81, and

the otherv isl connected by a supply lead 82 to the central bar or plate 83 ofV a two-way switch,-the latter being designated as a whole by the numeral 84 and being disposed as shown in Fig. l, on the front of the Ina,- chine. Said switch 84 provides additional contact plates or bars 85 and 86, arranged on opposite sides of the central bar 8.3, andl adapted to be alternately connected elec.-

trically to said central bar 83 by a .connector 87 which is mounted on an oscillatory member 88. ,The latter is pivoted at 89, and in its full line position as shown in Fig. 20, disposes the connector 87 in contact with and across the two plates 83 and .85; in its other or dotted line position, the movable member 88 of switch 84 disposes the connector 87 in contact with and across the two plates 83 and 86.

The normal position of the movable switch member 88 is` that shown in the full lines, and

v under theseconditions, the supply lead 82 from the generator 80 is connected to two leads 90 and 91 taken off of the plate or bar 85 of the switch 84. 'Oneof these leads, 90,-

runs to the coil of an electromagnet 92, disposed on the rearA side of the machine and shown in perspective in Fig. 19. The return lead 93 from the coil of electromagnet 92 is "connected 'to the stationary contact point 34` of, box 22. When the point 32, which .is

electromagnet 92, occupies, by gravity, the

position shown in FiO 20.

The other lead, 91, from swltch bar 85 passes to the coil of an electromagnet 97, disv osed on the front of the machine, as shown in Fig. 1, andthe return lead 98 from the colll of electromagnet 97=passes to an insulated spring contact 99, adjacent to the electromagnet 92. When the latter, as above described, is energized bythe contact of points 32' and 34, the upward rocking movementlof' armature member c-arries a contact point 100 into engagement with the insulated contact 99, and since said contact point 100 1s grounded, asshown at 101, this grounds and completes the electrical circuit throughA the coil of 'electromagnet 97 and energizes said electromagnet.v Thus the energization A of the two electromagnets 92 and 97, the former' for removing the dressing device and tliia'lat-` 'A ter tor amplifying the stroke of the table, as hereinafter more fully described, is brought about by the movement of contact point 32, on indicator lever 24, into engagement with the contact point 340i box 22,-and as will be apparent, the energization of magnet'97 is dependent upon the energization of magnet 92; in other wordsthe stroke of'table 1 ing a connection between two normally un- Y connected rods or bars, one of which,103, is

-carried by the table 1,and the other of which,

.is slidably mounted in thebracket-orstandard 102. -The rod 103 moves with the recipro# catory table .1, being secured to said table by passage through a bracket 105 on the rear side of the table', and being held adjustably in place by means of nuts 106,106, engagin with the threaded end portion of sa1d ro j The slidable bar 104'is normally stationary, butwhen connected,`as hereinafter described,

to the reciprocating rod 103, yits-movement procures the shifting of a wheel dressing def will now be shown.

'vice in the path of the grinding wheelr 5, as`v spindle 96 has pinned thereto a finger 107,

which in the normal inactive position of said spindle, passes through a slot 108 of bar 104 and has its free end lying just below the rod 103. Another finger 109 is loosely mounted on spindle 96, and it passes through a slot 110 of bar 104, with its free end disposed similarly to the free end-of finger107, but projecting slightly farther, as shown in Fig. 18.

Between the two fingers 107 and 109 a block 111, secured to the bar 104, provides a ournal bearing for the spindle 96, the latter in effect being supported and carried by said bar 104, and being moved longitudinally with said-bar when the latter is itself moved,-

this longitudinal movement of spindle 96 bed ing permitted by the spline connection which it` makes, as shown in Fig. 19, with the armature member. 95. This longitudinalV movement of spindle 96 has no effect on armature 95, the latter being held by any suitable means, not shown,'in the box 143. 'The block 111 has secured thereto a casing 112, Figs. 16 and 17 which incloses the above described mechanism, and said block 111 also has sev cured thereto a spring 113, the latter, acting on the loose finger 109 to draw it upwardly.

For cooperation with the two fingers 107 and 109, the rod 103 provides shoulders 114 and 115, respectively, these being formed by slabbing off said rod,.as shown at 116, at an intermediate portion thereof, for a lengthV slightly greater than the distance between the outside edges of said fingers. Under normal conditions, when the spindle 96 is in its inactive position, there is no engagement be- /tween the shoulder 114 and the outside edge of i finger 107, and consequently the right hand movement of ,rod 103, in unison with table 1, has no effect on bar 104. Similarly, under normal conditions when the table 1 is reciprocating through its usual working path,the

linger 109 is held in its downward position by a stationary cam member 117, so that it will not be engaged by either shoulder 114 or 115 `V,in the movement of rod 103.

said finger into' the recess 116. Shortly after' this right hand movement of bar 104 is initlated, the current through magnet 92 is shutoff as hereinafter described, but the pressure of shoulder 114 against finger 107 holds said finger up, and' only drops back by gravity to inactive position when this Apressure isffrellieved on the reversal of the travel of table 1.

On such reversal, .the bar 104 moves to the left with rodl 103, this movement being effected by the pressure of shoulder 115 against the outside edge o f finger 109. When the bar 104 reaches its normal position of rest (tofthe left of thatshown in Figs. 16 and 18), the finger 109 is forced out 'of recess 116 by engagement with the member 117, thus discon-` necting bar 104 from the rod 103, which latter continues on to the left, as the table 1 resumes its normal working reciprocation, as hereinafter described. Themember 117 does not engage the finger 107, but only the finger 109, this being'due to the greater length .of the last' named finger. The above-described movement of bar 104 obtains, successively, the movement of a dressing device into and then out of thepath of the grinding wheel 5, in the following manner l Said bar 104, as shown in Figs. 16and 18, provides on its under side two cam surfaces in different planes, namely a depressed surface 118 anda projecting surface 119, the two'merging together by means of the inclined surface 120l and being operative on a roller 121 which is carried by the short arm of a bell crank'lever 122, pivoted at 123 on the bracket or standard 102. The normal position occupied by the bar 104 is to the left of that shown in Figs. 16 and,.18 and in this normal position, the depressed surface 118 is disposed directly above roller 121, the latter under these conditions rising into contact with said surface 118 under theinfluence of a strong spring 124, Fig. 17, carried by bracket 102 and thrusting outwardly against the long arm of bell crank lever 122 to move the latter to the right, as shown by the lbroken lines in Fig.l 17. This dotted linepo- .sition of lever 122 is the normal position which it occupies during the grinding opera-- tion and before the points 32 and 34 make contact to render the fingers 107 and 109 operative; when saidfingers are rendered operative, the bar 104, moving to the right with rod 103, brings the cam portion 119 against the roller 121 and depresses the same, thereby f causing the bell crank 122 toassume the fullline position shown in Fig. 17 Thereafter on provided by a member 128.\V Said member l 128 is mounted to swing on a trunnion 129, the latter being carried by a standard 130 which rises from the bracket 102 and which is adjustably attached to the latter by means of bolts 131, 131. A handle 132, secured to the ,swinging member 128, permits the opervthe return stroke of'bar 104 'as above de-l I ator to swing said member, after disconnecting link from stud 127, to move a suitable f wheel dressing point 133, preferably a diamond point, from thedtted to the full line position of F 17, and vicel versa,-the full line position` being the operative position,

where the diamond point is disposedin the pathof the grinding wheel 5. Said diamond point 133 is preferably carried by a screw 134 which is adjustable in and out of the member 128, being held in any desired 'position of adjustmentl by a set screw 13,5.

The automatic movement of said diamond point through the above described operation of bell crank lever 122 and link rod 125 takes place in the following manner A collar 136 is adjustably secured/by set screw 137 to the right hand end of link rod 125this collar being engaged by the bell crank 122 in theV latters movement to the dotted line position of Fig. 17, thereby to swing the member 128 upwardly, so as to carry the diamondpoint 133 into its inoperative position. On the opposite or left hand movement of bell crank 122, which occurs as above described only when the points 32 and 34 make contact, the

thrust of said bell crank 122 on link rod 125 is taken by a spring 138, which surrounds said link rod and which bears against the end of i a yoke 139 extending forwardly from collar 136. This movement swings the dresser point 133 from the normal dotted line inoperative position to the full line operative position, which latter po'sition is determined by the engagement of a lug 140 on swinging member 128`with a fixed stop 141 on standard 130. In no case can the dresser point be,4

moved below or beyond the full line position shown, and any additional movement of bell crank 122 in this direction is absorbed by the spring v138.

.As hereinafter-described, simultaneously wlth this automatic disposal of the dresser point 133 in operative position by the fright' `hand movement of bar 104, an amplified v right hand movement of table 1 is initiated,

which movement passes the Wheel 5 across the dresser point 133 from left to right; then,

1upon reversal of the table, the wheel is passed again across the dresser point, this time from right to left, and during said left hand travel of the table, the bar 104, in moving to its normal position of, rest,brings about the return of dresser point 133-to inoperative position, as shown by the broken lines in Fig. 17. Said dresser point 133'remains in such inoperative position, until the next succeeding workpiece inserted in the machine has been ground to a size which 'permits the points32 and 34 to' again make conta/ct.

passes throughthe dressing position, but the dressing of saidwheel on these occasions isv avoided by retaining the dresser point 133 in inoperative position. Manifestly, from the standpoint of'accuracy in the finished product, the very best time for dressing the grinding wheeland giving it 'a fresh cutting surface is just before said wheel takes the final and finishing cuts on the workpiece to' bring it to the desired finished size. This interruption ofthe grinding operation, for the purpose of dressing the wheel,`relieves the V sidewise pressure of the wheel against the workpiece which has been built up in the grinding operation by successive advances of the cross-feed screw 11, and which pressure tends sometimes to spring the spindle 10 and to cause uneven wheel wear. When the grinding wheel, following `its dressing, reentersthe workpiece, the cross-feed imparted to it for taking the final and finishing cuts to bring the work to size is not sufficient to build up any excessive or objectionable pressure, and hence these final and finishing cuts are taken under'ideal grinding conditions.

The wheel dressing operation above described, aside from its automatic inauguration, is thus fai superior to any dressing of vthe wheel in the intervals between successive workpieces; said llast named dressing is of little value, because its effect is lost before the final and finishing cuts on the workpiece can be taken. 'In the, present machine, where the grinding operation on each workpiece 1s 1nterrupted, to provide for the dressing of the wheel just before the lfinal and finishing cuts are taken, any further dressing, inthe intervals between successive workpieces, would not only be useless, but would be harmful and wasteful. Harmful, because any contact bketween theA dresser point 133 and the wheel 5, with the latter withdrawing from the work at high speed, would tend to cut a groove in the working'surface of the wheel, and wasteful, because at such time, the wheel 5,:in

bringingthe work to size, has been fed in- .f

wardly sol far by the screw 11 that contact with the dresser point 133 would decrease its diameter excessively.` l In addition to the above explained reasons for normally maintainingthe dressing -point 133 out of dressing` position, is the'further reason that vsaid point, if left in said 'posi-v tion, would be in the way of the bearing sleeve 142 (Figsfl to 5 inclusive) of the grinding wheel spindle 10, during the work-A ing reciprocations of table 1. Said spindle 10 obviously cannot have any excessive over-L hang beyond said. bearing sleeve, because this would produce vibration that would destroy the accuracy of the grinding operation. Therefore, throughout the working strokes of table 1, the spindle bearing 142 must re'- ciprocate in the dressing` position of zone, and ythe descent ofthe dressing point into operative position is only permitted when the points 32 and 34 make contact, because, as a result of such contact, the right hand stroke of table 1 is automatically amplified, to carry the spindle bearing 142 away from the position or zone inquestion just as the dresser point 133 moves into it; this ampliis mounted so'as Vto be capable of Sliding freely longitudinally of said table. Under normal conditions, when the table 1 is making its usual working reciprocations, to traverse the grinding wheel 5 back and forth within the workpiece, the block 144 of dog 8 is held in definite spaced relation to a block 146, which latter, the same as the block 145 of right hand dog 7, is a stationary block, adapted to maintain its predetermined setting or adjustment, longitudinally of the table 1, as given it by any suitable adjusting and holding devices,- such for instance as the hand screw nuts 147, 147 applied to both blocks 145 and 146 and engaging with a screw rack 148 on table 1.

The -device employed to hold the slidable block 144 inspaced relation to the fixed block 146 is here shown as a latch lever 149, pivoted aty 1'50 on block 146 and having its free end disposed by Lgravity in abuttingrelation to a shoulder 151 on block 144, thereby holding -the`block144 ata predetermined distance to the right of block 146.

simultaneously with and in consequence of the energization of electro-magnet 92,"an armature member 152, Fig. 20, is lcaused to be moved; said member 152, pivoted at 153 on the front of the machine, normallyrests by gravity with its upper surface in contact 'l with a fixed pin 154, due to the weight of an arm 155 of said member. The counterclockwise rocking ofmember 152 under the This breaks the normal connection loe-- l tween the slidable block 144 and the fixed block 146; in consequence of which, on ,the1

' right hand movement of table 1, the dog`8 `0 will. bear without effect against reversing member 9. Thus the right hand movement of table 1, on this particular stroke, will be extended beyond the usual reciprocatory Working path, and the grinding` wheel 5 will 5 be carried out Aofthe hole in the" workpiece to -1, as is the case with the block 145 of dog 7,y

When the electromagnet 97 is energized,.'

influence of electromagnet; 97, throws the" a point just be ond the dresser point 133, which latter, as eretofore described, has just previously moved down into the amplified path of the grinding wheel, i. e., in the space vacated by the wheel spindle bearing 142.

This amplified right hand travel of table 1 involves relative sliding movement between said table and the block 144, owing to the obstruction which the reversing member 9 imposes against the dog 8, to prevent said block 144 from moving with said table; finally, just after the grinding wheel 5 is carried past the dressing point 133, the block,144 brings up against the block 146, whereupon the solid backing thus afforded for the block ",130

144 enables the dog 8 toA shiftthe reversing member 9. This procures reversal of the table 1, and the left hand movement of said ytable thus inaugurated is caused to restore the parts automatically to normal position in the following manner v A member 157, secured rigidly to the frame of the machine, carries a flat spring 158, the free end of which is bent to provide inclined surfaces 159 and 160,'for cooperation, respectively, with similarly inclined surfaces 161 and 162 at the lower corners of block 144. In the normal grinding operation of the machine when theblocks 144 and 146'a're conleffective obstruction to the back and forth travel of said block in unison with the table 1, it being obvious that when either lower corcontact will wedge the sprin 158 downwardly, said spring yielding su ciently to allow the block 144 to pass over its upturned free end'. However, when the block 144 has been freed from the block 146, as above described,

ner 1-61 of said block, and under these conditions, the .obstruction offered is sufficient to overcome whatever friction lthere may be tending to cause the block 144 tomove to theleft with the table. The block 144'bei`ng `to amplify a single right hand stroke of thel table 1, Vthe'ensuing reversal of said table,

thus held stationary, while the table 1 and block 146 continue to move to the left, the latch member 149 finally resumes itsnormal position relative to block 144, the .end of said 'latch member dropping behind the shoulder 151, and the parts being thus automatically restored lto normal position at the conclusion of each amplified reciprocation of the table 1. i

`This amplified reciprocation carries the grinding wheel 5 outwardly past the dressing point 133 and then inwardly past it again; on

the amplified outward or right hand stroke a`n 1 outwardly and downwardly. projecting bar 163, pivotally secured to the block 146 that p moves-in unison with the table, strikes an sition, Where the connector 87 no longer makes contact with the right hand switch bar 85. This terminates the `supply of current to the electromagnets 92 and 97, so that, notwithstanding the continued contact between the points 32 and 34, the respective armatures of said magnets are rendered free to move by gravity to their normal inoperative positions. Thus as before described, the finger 107 eventually drops below the slotted portion 116 of rod 103, and the roller 156 drops below the latch member 149, this automatically preventl ing any repetition of the wheel dressing operation, first, by insuring against a second descent of the dressing point 133, and second, by

insuring against a second amplification of the right hand travel of the table. Therefore, with the parts restored to normal position at the end of this single amplified stroke oftable 1, the normal working stroke of said table is automatically resumed, to permit the wheel 5 to take the final and finishing cuts on the Work piece.

As heretofore described, when the work piece. by these final and finishing cuts of wheel 5, reaches the exact predetermined size, the second poirt 33 on indicator lever 24 makes contactfwith the fixed point 35 carried by box 22. At this time in the operation of the machine,.the movable switch member 88 occupies the dotted line position shown in Fig; 19, having been moved to this position, as

above described, by the amplified right hand travel of table 1. In this position, the conhector bar 87 of .member 88 makes contact with the central switch bar 83 and with the left hand switch bar 86, there being a lead from the latter to the coil of a third electro-' magnet 166. Another wire or lead 167 connects the' other end of said coil to'the Contact point 35, and thus when the point 33, which 1s grounded at 94, makes contact with the'p'oint weight of an arm 171of said member. The counterclockwise .rocking of member 168, un-

der the influence of electromagnet 166 throws7 the arm 171 upwardly, interposing its free lso end in the path of table dog-8, which latter, as heretofore pointed out, normally, on 'the right hand working strokeof the table, strikes and moves the reversing member 9 to cause a reversal in the direction of table travel. `As

shown in'Figs. 11 and 13, said dog 8 is pivotally mounted at 172 within a slot provided by carrying block 144, said slot permitting said dog, by gravity, to assume the position indicated in Fig. 11, wherein the free end of said dog 8, on the right hand travel of the table,

will engage and move the reversing member 9. However, when the arm 171, as above described, moves` upwardly into the path of dog 8, the free end of said dog, on the right hand movement of the table, engages with and rides upon the upwardly inclined surface of arm 171, this movement of dog 8 being permitted by its pivotal mountingand by the depth of the slot in the block 144. Such i elevation of dob 8 carries it clear of reversing member 9, and thus when the points 33 and 35 come into contact, to energize the magnet 166, the table 1 is automatically prevented, from reversing its travel at the right hand limit of its usual working stroke; instead, said table, through the disposal of dog 8 in a wholly inoperative position, continues its movement to the right, carrying the grinding wheel 5 out of the work and well past the dressing device, said table, finally, being brought to a full stop, at the outward limit of its right hand movement on the machine, by any suitable means, such for instance as those shown in the aforesaid copending application of Heald and Guild, Serial No. 629,882, filed April 4, 1923.

This automatic full withdrawal movement and ultimate stoppage of table 1, brought about by mechanism permitted to act upon the enlargement of the work piece to the exact predetermined size, gives ample room for the. operator. to remove the finished workl piece from the machine and to insert a new unground work-piece in the chuck or other lwork holding device of work head 3. This is not only becausethe grinding wheel 5 moves entirely away from the work, as shown in Fig. 5, but also because the extended right hand travel of table 1 brings the cam bar 60, carried by said table, into contact with the roller 59 of arm 58, thereby rocking said arm Y58 to swing the entire calipering and indicating mechanism contained in boxv 22 away from ment, as forinstance by the rocking of a handy lever 173, Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, which, as set forth and described in the aforesaid copending application of Heald and Guild, initiates the left hand travelof 'thetable and carries the grinding wheel 5 into the hole ofthe work piece. i 

